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Vasily Blokhin
Vasily Mikhailovich Blokhin ((ロシア語:Васи́лий Миха́йлович Блохи́н), 7 January 1895 – 3 February 1955) was a Soviet Russian Major-General who served as the chief executioner of the Stalinist NKVD under the administrations of Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Yezhov, and Lavrentiy Beria.
Hand-picked for the position by Joseph Stalin in 1926, Blokhin led a company of executioners that performed and supervised numerous mass executions during Stalin's reign, mostly during the Great Purge and World War II.〔 He is recorded as having executed tens of thousands of prisoners by his own hand, including his killing of about 7,000 Polish prisoners of war during the Katyn massacre in spring 1940,〔Parrish 1996, p. 324.〕〔Montefiore 2005, pp. 197–8, 332–4.〕 making him the most prolific official executioner and mass murderer in recorded world history.〔〔Glenday, pp. 284–5.〕 Forced into retirement following the death of Stalin, Blokhin died in 1955, officially by suicide.
==Early life and career==
Blokhin, born into a peasant family on 7 January 1895, served in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I, and joined the Soviet state security agency Cheka in March 1921.〔Montefiore 2005, p. 198〕 Though records are scant, he was evidently noted for both his pugnaciousness and his mastery of what Joseph Stalin termed ''chernaya rabota''—"black work": assassinations, torture, intimidation, and executions conducted clandestinely. Once he gained Stalin's attention, he was quickly promoted and within six years was appointed the head of the purposefully created ''Kommandatura'' Branch of the Administrative Executive Department of the NKVD.〔 This branch was a company-sized element created by Stalin specifically for "black work".〔Montefiore 2005, p. 325〕 Headquartered at the Lubyanka in Moscow, its members were all approved by Stalin and took their orders directly from his hand, a fact that ensured the unit's longevity despite three bloody purges of the NKVD.
As senior executioner,〔Rayfield 2005, p. 324.〕 Blokhin had the official title of commandant of the internal prison at the Lubyanka, which allowed him to perform his true job with a minimum of scrutiny and no official paperwork. Although most of the estimated 828,000〔 NKVD executions conducted in Stalin's lifetime were performed by local Chekists in concert with NKVD troikas, mass executions were overseen by specialist executioners from the ''Kommandantura''. In addition to overseeing the mass operations, Blokhin also personally pulled the trigger in all of the individual high-profile executions conducted in the Soviet Union during his tenure,〔 including those of the Old Bolsheviks condemned at the Moscow Show Trials; Marshal of the Soviet Union Mikhail Tukhachevsky (condemned at a secret trial); and two of the three fallen NKVD Chiefs (Genrikh Yagoda in 1938 and Nikolai Yezhov in 1940) he had once served under.〔Rayfield 2005, p. 338.〕 He was awarded the Badge of Honor for his service in 1937.〔Parrish 1996, pp. 324–5.〕
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